Even if a lot of people now know that horses were
introduced by the Europeans, and that the Hollywood Indian thus is NOT a
authentic picture of how native peoples lived when Columbus arrived in the
Caribbean, there still remains that romantic idea of wandering nomads, living
in harmony with Mother Nature. Even among a lot of native peoples themselves. This
is because of a lack of proper education and a focus on European and Europeanized
pre-1500 history.
I can present this history in 5 phrases:
Man originated in Africa, wandered around the world,
and, around 10.000 years before the birth of Christ, invented agriculture in
the Middle East.
A good 5000 years later the first cities and states
arose in that same area and civilization spread around the world reaching Old
Greece around the year 1000 BC.
Things also happened in China and India but Greece is
the founder of modern Western Civilization so we focus on that.
They developed true alphabetic writing and democracy,
passed that over to Ancient Rome, which was later transformed into an empire that
eventually took over Christianity, spreading this faith throughout Europe and
beyond.
The new faith blossomed in the Middle Ages and was spread
in the Renaissance by the big discoverers in the world like Columbus and Vasco
da Gama.
The last 500 years are even easier:
Europe conquered America, had big wars about which
Jesus was the best one, created new fabulous art styles and ways of thinking,
established colonies in the east and thus controlled the whole sea trade around
the world out of which eventually grew more and more competition between the
European superpowers (mostly Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands, England) that
resulted in the reducing of Portugal, Spain, and in the end the Netherlands so
that finally only France and England ruled the waves.
After the death of the French Sun King however, only
England was left although they didn’t enjoy that for too long, being kicked out
of North America by their own subjects which made France very proud again,
trying once more to establish French power in Europe and failing to do so
because of England and the new powers like Austria-Hungaria, the German empire
and the Russian Czardom in the east.
Three more wars followed between the old and the new
superpowers while in the mean time they conquered Africa, Asia and Australia,
establishing the new democratic, free and civilized state of living we all
enjoy today…
Happy end?
Of course not. Not only because this is a very
simplistic version of European history, and also not because the dubious last
phrase (which seem to imply that European colonization did only good to the
other continents), but also, last but not least, because it IS ignoring the
fact that North & South American history, African history, Asian and
Australian history, is world history too.
World history that is ignored in most books in school,
but also at the university. Even the internet is quite Eurocentric… (if you don’t
believe this, check out Google Translate and count the amount of American,
Australian, and African languages. And if you believe this is about numbers of
speakers, just count the total amount of speakers of the following European
languages used by Google Translate: Basque, Esperanto, Galician, Irish,
Icelandic, Latin, Maltese & Welsh. Compare this to American languages like Quechua,
Aymara & Guarani or African languages like Hausa, Wolof, and Amharic)
It might seem obvious that knowing something about
Amerindian history is useful to North and South American people. Just like
African history seems useful to African people. But even on those continents,
very little is known and most history taught in schools is European history
(although in the Americas it’s a lot worse than in Africa since the latter one
is almost entirely independent of Europe and/or its descendants, while the
Americas are almost entirely ruled by Neo European countries, most of them
established in the 19th century)
But what about WORLD History? Should Europeans or
Asians learn Amerindian, African, and Australian history? Did American Indians,
Africans, or Aboriginal peoples in Australia and the Pacific have a large
influence on world history, worth learning? Although most people won’t realize
it, the simple answer to this question is YES. And the most simple answer to
the question WHY then is “Because of these great European discoverers like
Columbus and Da Gama”. They brought Europeans in contact with “The Other”, it
was because of their voyages that modern day globalization is what it is. Europe
is not an island. European peoples are not more or less unique than others.
History shouldn’t be only about one continent, simply because nowadays we think
that the world has been Europeanized or Westernized. Globalization is globalization
because it covers the world. Without peoples, products, markets, cultures,
religions, languages, economies, science, and inventions from other places than
Europe, Europe would still be the tiny place it is. One of the great achievements
of Europeans was to trade, communicate, work together, and share with other peoples
on other continents. In this way Europeans learned from non-Europeans and
taught to non-Europeans. Europeans globalized the world for the first time, but
this was only possible TOGETHER with peoples from other continents. It is time
we recognize this.
So, man originated in Africa, wandered around the word
and started agriculture in the Middle East. And the Andes. And Mexico. And China.
And the island of Papua. And India. And Western, and Eastern Africa. And eastern
North America. Crops and civilizations spread around the world, not from one
place, but from many.
Around 5000 years
later the first complex societies arose, not only in the Middle East but also
in Peru, Egypt, China, and India. Cities, organized religions, writing systems,
pyramids, temples, and organized trade, and leadership appeared. Why first in
these places? Nobody knows for sure although there are of course a lot of educated
guesses.
